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How much do we depend on Russian gas?

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In these weeks of diplomatic crisis provocation The possibility of a Russian invasion of UkraineOne of the most discussed issues is Europe’s dependence on Russian natural gas imports. Natural gas, which is an essential part of the energy supply and is used for cooking and building heating among others, is always cited as the main cause, while the United States has an aggressive attitude towards Vladimir Putin’s government, and various European countries, Including ItalyThey are more careful and accommodating.

According to the latest data Eurostat Available, in 2019, the European Union imported 41.1 percent of its natural gas from Russia.

If the Russian government decides in retaliation to cut off gas supplies, in response to a severe political or even military confrontation with Europe, the consequences will be very serious. This is an argument often used by the most skeptical of Europe about the confrontation with Russia, which has reasons, but to a certain extent. The European stock system is really flexible, and as ineconomic, will be able to sustain an interruption in supplies Also for a very long time. But Europe’s dependence on Russian gas is undeniable, and there is no doubt that a clash over energy supplies would cause serious problems.

Moreover, Italy is particularly dependent on Russian gas.

According to data from the Ministry of Environmental Transformation, in 2020, 43.3 percent of natural gas imported from Italy came from Russia, which is by far the number one supplier of gas in the country. In Italian supplies, Algeria (22.8 percent), Norway and Qatar (both about 10 percent) play a major role. If Russia decides to stop gas supplies altogether, Italy will lose nearly half of its imports.

In 2020, natural gas in Italy accounted for 31% of the country’s total energy consumption. Almost all gas is imported: domestic production accounts for less than 10 percent of the total.

The situation in Europe is more diverse, but the dependence on Russian gas is nevertheless great. The large country most exposed is certainly Germany, which imports about half of its gas from Russia, while in other smaller countries, such as Austria and Slovakia, the dependence is greater.

On the other hand, France is relatively less exposed, mainly thanks to France Extensive use of nuclear energy.

However, this does not mean that Europe is irreparably subject to Russia’s energy blackmail.

First of all, because blackmail works on both sides: just as Europe needs Russian gas, Russia needs the massive revenue it gets from selling it. According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, about 40 percent of the Russian state budget depends of oil and gas export earnings. For this reason, although Europe has been dependent on Russian gas for decades, the country has never cut off its supplies, even in the most opposing periods of the Cold War.

In any case, both Russia and Europe have moved in recent years to reduce their dual dependence as much as possible.

L ‘economic a few days ago Try data collection and analysis To try to understand what will happen if Russia really decides to cut off gas supplies for the next three months (with the advent of spring, the need for gas to heat buildings decreases, and its value as a weapon of blackmail is eliminated). The upshot is that while the disruption would be a severe blow to both the Russian and European economies, it would not be disastrous for either.

For Gazprom, the Russian state company that manages the extraction and export of natural gas, stopping gas sales to Europe will mean a loss of 203-228 million dollars per day: within three months, losses will reach 20 billion. It’s a huge amount, but it would be easy enough for Russia, whose central bank has reserves of $600 billion.

However, for Gazprom, interruptions in supplies will also pose a very serious reputational problem: even after the crisis is over, it will become very difficult to conclude new contracts not only with European countries, but also with other large countries such as China, which may want to avoid dealing With an unreliable partner. In addition to large and important infrastructure projects, such as Nord Stream 2 . pipeline, can be considered canceled if Russia really decides to hit Europe by cutting off gas: Gazprom’s business in Europe and beyond will be in jeopardy, perhaps permanently.

On the other hand, for Europe, the interruption of Russian gas supplies does not mean that it will be without electricity and heating as of tomorrow. All countries, including Italy, have large stocks of gas, which have been reduced recently but still allow to make up for the lack of Russian imports for a few months (between two and four, depending on estimates and depending on winter hardiness).

Moreover, Europe could move quickly to seek alternative supplies. One of the most likely is the so-called liquefied natural gas, the same pressurized, refrigerated and factory liquid product, which can be transported by ship and does not require gas pipelines. Europe has a large and largely unused capacity of regasifiers (the plants used to regas LNG for use as an energy source) that would partially mitigate the effects of Russian supply cuts.

In recent days, the US government, aware of Europe’s vulnerability in terms of energy, launched a contingency plan for Substitution of gas imports from Russia With LNG coming from the United States itself or from other countries such as Qatar and transported by ship if necessary. However, this plan is somewhat vague at the moment, and serves above all to reassure European leaders that they will not be left alone to bear the consequences of any energy retaliation from Russia.

Therefore, for Europe, the problem will not be with supplies so much as with prices: it is possible to replace part of Russian gas imports, with a lot of effort, but the increase in costs will be significant – and this will happen at a time when the market is already in crisis, and prices Energy is at its highest level in years. This would likely entail the need for much greater popular support than governments have already implemented.

Three themed movies to watch while streaming

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Which day is more convenient than today to watch or associate with one of the many Movie that deals with the caseholocaust? It only happens every year January 27in fact, the Memorial DayIt is an international event established in 2005 to commemorate the victims Nazi genocide.

Date January 27 It is no accident. Today, in 1945, the Red Army troops were liberated Auschwitz concentration camprevealing to the world’s eyes the atrocities committed by Nazi Germany and its allies against Jews, but also for prisoners of war, political opponents, gays, people with disabilities, and ethnic and religious minorities. The human and historical events of that period are the favorite subject Cinema, which he often tells them about in erotic films. Here are a few Addresses Available at Prime video e Netflix to see in Memorial Day.

Schindler’s List

This movie is from 1993, it can be watched on NetflixIt is a great classic game of its kind. It is based on the true story of Oscar Schindlerwhich during World War II He spends all his possessions to save more than a thousand Jews From deportation to Auschwitz.

denied the truth

This 2016 movie is based on the book Denial: A History of the Holocaust in Trial tell the truth legal battle From Deborah E. Lipstadtan American historian known for her studies of Judaism, who finds herself compelled to prove in court thatholocaust It is not an invention. It is available on Prime video.

Hitler vs Picasso and others

One of the least known inconsistencies of Nazi regime Is that on the one hand he tried to destroyart It is considered decadent, cosmopolitan and Bolshevik, while on the other hand many looted Museums For the best business. This topic and in general the relationship between Nazism And the art is covered in this 2018 movie, available at Prime video.

#AnneFrank – Parallel Lives

that it docu . movie For 2019, which tells, through the pages of his famous memoir, the life of Anne Frank. The story of the young woman German Jew Intertwines with five other survivors ofholocaust.

the Anne Frank’s DiaryFirst published in 1947, it is a collection of intimate and private writings compiled by a Jewish girl during the time she spent in hiding with her family to escape from Nazi persecution. The movie is visible on Prime video.

Photographer from Mathausen

It is available on Netflix This Spanish film from 2018 which, based on true events, tells the story of a guest in Mauthausen concentration camp Who steals negative images that testify to the atrocities that were committed in that place.

Subscribe to Prime Video to watch the best Holocaust movies

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Who are the players who can advertise?

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The average footballer’s career usually reaches 38-40 years, with records such as Marco Pallotta (end of his career at 44), Maldini (40) or Buffon still on the field at the age of 43.

In 2021, the most famous players to bid farewell to football were Sergio Aguero who finished playing for Barcelona, ​​Mehdi Benatia saluting football in Karagomroc with a touching farewell speech, Ricky Alvarez at Velez and Joaquin at Betis.

Who are the players who could decide to hang up the ball and their shoes in 2022?

Football fan votes, ID cards and follies help create a list of players approaching the age they decide to leave the field for, to choose new paths such as a career as a manager or entrepreneur or “unexpected” solutions.

The stats speak of 5% of former players who were able to live on their own after saying goodbye to football. Among the most famous post-green careers, there is Claudio Lopez, the former Lazio striker, who, after his farewell in 2013, tried to work as a rally driver. Not least Gaizka Mendieta who went from soccer player to electronic DJ, which has always been his big passion, or like Tim Wiese who voted himself to be a wrestling fighter, weighing in at 117 kg.

The list of possible farewells to football in 2022 presents the names of the great personalities of Serie A, known to everyone for their exploits and for their iconic moments in Italian football first and foremost:

-Zlatan Ibrahimovic: The rumors started in November about the hypothesis of Ibra’s retirement in 2022. To raise doubts, the next expiration of the contract with Milan, which is due for this year, and the age of the striker who turned 40 in October 2021. Old or old.

– Giorgio Chiellini: “Two years and no more” announced in 2019, after his injury. Now the Juventus flag, which blew out 37 candles in August, has the 2022 World Cup in sight still to be reached with the national team. Much can depend, in one way or another, on the results in blue.

– Gianluigi Buffon: One of the most “lived” players in history, the iconic face of Italian football, and now Parma goalkeeper. There are rumors of his farewell to the team and goal.

Franck Ribery: The Salernitana striker has worn important shirts like Bayern Munich for more than 10 years. Also near 40, he can surprise a new farewell, after farewell to Fiorentina.

– Rodrigo Palacio: Brescia striker, he was the vice world champion at club level with Boca Juniors in 2007. Could he be the one to greet the fans, bidding farewell to football in 2022?

No upside in sight, more details on Balance Sheet rollout from Investing.com

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© Reuters.

By Alessandro Albano

Investing.com – It’s no easy task for Jerome Powell. On the one hand, there is a market at the level of the Volcker era, and on the other hand the market has entered the correction stage and has not yet retreated with the new economic cycle that followed the epidemic. Traders do not expect a change in policy in tonight’s decision (20:00 CET), but they will pay close attention to the forward steering Especially at the beginning of the budget tightening.

Analysts from Bank of America (NYSE:) say, while Societe Generale (PA:) is to release the bank “will reject market expectations of more than four increases for 2022”.

A 7% rise in prices, along with a rapid recovery in the labor market, necessitated the normalization of monetary policy, as the Federal Reserve said at its last meeting in December that it would end its emergency asset purchase program in March, indicating at least three hikes in the benchmark interest rate in 2022.

Get used to context (almost) zero minimum, The markets went through a period of adjustment but now, according to the futures of the exchanges, 4 price increases are being incorporated into the prices. What surprised him most, according to many analysts, was the announcement of the start of budget execution, a path that could trigger a liquidity shock in markets accustomed to constant central bank interventions.

“The rumors about the balance sheet downsizing came as a bit of a surprise,” Stéphane Meunier, chief investment officer at Lombard Odier Private Bank, wrote in a research note. Thanks to asset purchases, the Federal Reserve has more than doubled its balance sheet since the start of the pandemic: Total assets jumped from $4.2 trillion in February 2020 to $8.8 trillion earlier this year, equivalent to 40% of the country’s GDP. Product “.

But why is this important to investors? During the pandemic, Mounir explains, “the strategy of common sovereign bond buying – limiting the pool of safe assets available to investors – combined with historically low interest rates, calmed markets and pushed stock indices to record lows.” Now that this support has waned and rates are about to rise, this will have “ramifications for all asset classes”.

“In economic terms – the IOC adds to the Swiss bank – we just have to ask ourselves when rate increases will start to slow US growth. As an answer, we can look at the cost of capital, comparing the growth of the economy’s productive capacity. 10-year inflation-adjusted interest rates Real rates have risen from -1% earlier this year to around -0.75% currently, their highest level in nine months, and despite the hikes, will remain historically low: May face the three rate hikes of 25 basis points expected. 2022 will also have difficulty bringing US real rates into positive territory in 2022. The previous cycle peaked in 2018 with real rates at 1% and the 10-year nominal rate at 3%.”

What does this mean for asset classes? According to the manager, stocks will do well through 2022, absorbing the impact of higher interest rates as long as economic growth remains strong. Protect their revenue from rising costs such as inventory of value.”

To a lesser extent, notes the expert, “Even selective cyclical names should benefit from strong economic activity, while smaller companies appear to have attractive valuations.”

In line with policy normalization in the US and the eurozone, Lombardier-Odier focuses on “short-term bonds and variable rate corporate debt,” while at the asset class level “we underestimate both government bonds and credit. Investment grade versus credit in Asian dollars and Chinese renminbi debt.” which offer portfolio diversification possibilities.”

Italian Stock Exchange, commenting on today’s session (January 26, 2022)

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Traders are waiting for the monetary policy decisions of the Federal Reserve. Positive playing field for stocks in the banking and oil sector. Highlights Todd’s excellent performance

green business boxThe main indices of the Italian Stock Exchange and the main European financial markets started today Increases of more than 1 percentage point. However, the session could still be characterized by high volatility, pending the monetary policy decisions of the Federal Reserve.

at 09.20 FTSEMib He got 1.2% to 26,342 points, while FTSE Italia all participated It rose 1.24%. plus sign for file FTSE Italia medium hat (+1.63%) and for The star of FTSE Italia (+0.75%).

I Major US stock indices They ended the session in negative territory, after stocks fell in the technology sector. The Dow Jones lost 0.19% to 34,298 points, while the S&P500 lost 1.22% to 4,356 points. The worst performance of the Nasdaq index (-2.28% at 13,539 points).

bad day for TSE. The Nikkei index left 0.44% on the floor at 27,011 points.

the Bitcoin It rose to 37,500 dollars (just under 33,500 euros).

He. She btp package spread Standing just above 140 points.

L ‘euro It fluctuates around $1.13.

Focus on banking sector stocks.

Paper Bank Earns 1.2% to 1.8095 EUR. The Institute announced that at the conclusion of the annual supervisory review and assessment process (“Supervisory Review and Evaluation Process – SREP”), the European Central Bank decided that from 1 March 2022, BPER Banca must maintain a minimum equity ratio of Tier 1 capital. equal to 8.3%. BPER Banca noted that at the end of September 2021, the phased ratio in tier 1 common equity (CET1) was 14.7% (13.7% if calculated in full implementation, “fully phased”), well above the minimum requirements Capital required by the European Central Bank.

Positive playing field for stocks in the oil sectorAfter the price of crude oil in New York (the contract expires in March 2022) touched $ 86 a barrel.

where are you He earns 1.51% to 13,292 euros.

better performance for Saipem (+ 3.23% to € 2.031) e Tenaris (+ 2.67% a 10,58 euros).

The start of a positive session for ST (+1,75% €39,305), following the quarterly report and new estimates released by Texas Instruments and found to be above the consensus of analysts.

would you like to The day started with a 9.8% jump to €44.16. The company announced preliminary sales figures for 2021, which closed with revenue of 883.8 million euros, an increase of 38.7% compared to 637.2 million euros obtained in 2020; At constant exchange rates, the trading volume could have increased by 39.2%. In the fourth quarter of the year alone, revenue was 261.2 million euros, an increase of 41.6% compared to the last three months of 2020, and 9.6% compared to the corresponding period of 2019. On January 21, sales were 842 million euros.

A positive start too doValue (+ 3.33% a 7.76 Euro). The Company’s Board of Directors approved the industrial plan to 2024 and confirmed the guidance for 2021. Furthermore, management decided on a new dividend policy based on an increased and sustainable dividend per share path in 2021-2024.


Abnormal waves: science tries to predict them

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Anomalies: Thanks to the new research, they can be predicted probabilistically. Crucial information for sailors and oil rigs

rogue waves

For sailors, and more recently for oil rigs, the main question is “How high are the storm surge?” Over the years, direct experience and the increasingly numerous measurements, both from satellites and from oceanographic buoys, have pushed potential values ​​of wave heights higher and higher.

During a January 2014 storm in the North Atlantic, it was estimated (data from the European Center for Meteorology’s Medium-Term Forecast Model, ECMWF, Reading, UK) that the “significant height”, i.e. the energy scale of the storm touched 20 metres. However, this means that there were definitely single waves above 35 meters.

The analysis that followed the event, which was attended by Alves Benitazzo and Luigi Cavalieri of the Marine Sciences Institute of the National Research Council (Cnr-Ismar) in Venice, published in Scientific Reports titled “Observing a giant wave beam on the ocean surface”, has shown that it is possible to predict these” Anomalies” beforehand, but only in a probabilistic sense.

“Characterization of waves of this height requires advanced techniques of multidimensional nonlinear analysis, which, starting with information about the active state of the sea, is able to explain the subsequent appearance of these anomalous waves, which is, as in two or three times as high waves , a significant rise can be created in the middle of a storm,” Cavalieri explains. Driven by the winds, the swollen waves that followed brought waves of extraordinary energy to the western coasts of Europe. Fortunately, the Spanish buoy, located northwest of the Iberian Peninsula, was able to measure a set of three successive waves, up to 28 meters high, starting in the area A large locality with a height of 11 meters.

As expected, it is not possible to determine “where and when” these events will occur in a deterministic manner. “However, note the energy of the sea, which is possible with normal forecasts, we are able to provide the probability of its occurrence, that is, the important information for sailors and oil rigs,” continues Benitazzo.

“The danger of these events relates not only to ocean waves, but also to ‘local’ waves. It is good to remember that in normal sea conditions of one meter in height, and in certain circumstances, you can encounter, without warning, isolated individual waves up to They are 2.5 meters high, which are not one-time events, but you can travel with them with a slight adjustment in their height, great distances.” Returning to the case study, “the analysis estimated that the duration of the three-wave beam of 28 meters was about 20 minutes and that it traveled about 20 kilometers. In all these situations, forecasting activity plays an essential role, allowing all seas, including Italian seas, to Noting the significant uptick of the following days and also the likelihood of these apparently anomalies occurring.”

The Commission

spend: Institute of Marine Sciences of Venice Cnr
what: Onorato, M., Cavaleri, L., Randoux, S., Suret, P., Ruiz, M.I., de Alfonso, M., Benetazzo, A., 2021. Ocean, Scientific Reports, 11:23606, 7pp. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02875-y

Hockey – Under 16: Double Knockout, Elimination of Lorenzoni Bieber – www.ideawebtv.it

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under 16 years old Lorenzoni Pepper He finished the qualifying round for the tournament with two defeats, thus missing the opportunity to defend his category title.

The first match against Genoa in 1980 saw the Braidese girls surrender 3 to 1, with the Ligurians Premier League immediately taking over and, after a temporary equalizer by Sabina Chiesa, stretched into the final with two more goals. They reach the final by eliminating braidesi.

Thus the second match against HC Genoa becomes irrelevant and coaches Alina Fadieieva and Massimo Anania take advantage of it to give young players experience. The final score is 7-5 Liguria after a good game with constant setbacks up front.

Noteworthy are the league’s first goal for almost novice Cecilia Donalesio, one of Lorenzoni’s new custody promises, and the good defensive performance of Cassandra Borelli, born in 2010.

For Lorenzoni, the thinking now turns to the FIFA U-18 World Cup next weekend in Policoro (Matera), where they will face the same ages as Riva, Butterfly Roma and HC Genova.

In Turin lined up: Serena Lanzano (the only goalkeeper surviving after a sudden loss to Chloe Brizza), Gott Kaur, Sabina Chiesa, Giulia Simondi, Camila Brambati, Celeste Sacco, Cecilia Donalesio, Cassandra Borelli, Valentina Gusa. Coaches Massimo Anania and Alina Fadeeva who, as goalkeeper for Lorenzoni in Serie A, were awarded Best Goolie 2021.

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“remaster” ready, launch trailer for v1.0 – Nerd4.life

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Resident Evil 4 HD Project It was a giant mission that lasted 8 years but finally reached its version 1.0, with mod “remaster” Which will be available in a few days on PC and launch trailer which displays its properties.

It really is a big-caliber project if you think about the efforts of the team of mods in recent years, who have reworked the graphics of the popular Capcom game to deliver a “remastered” version in HD. Resident Evil 4 HD Project will be available from February 2, 2022 For those who own the Resident Evil 4 PC version on Steam.

We’ve already talked about this mode in the past, which does an unusual job of updating graphics on the standard edition of Resident Evil 4 for PC: mods have not only increased resolution but have replaced most textures with higher-resolution, higher-quality ones, among other things. improvements:

  • Textures replaced with better assets
  • Improvements to lighting effects and 3D models
  • Correction and improvement of graphic effects
  • Choice of standard or classic sectional frames with Ashley

To get a better idea of ​​the work done, you can also see a file Video comparison published by ElAnalistaDeBits in this regard, which highlights the differences between the Standard Edition and the one applied to it. Resident Evil 4 HD Project 1.0 mod works with Resident Evil 4 on PC in versions 1.0.6 and 1.1.0 on Steam.

RWC 2023: US and Canada again against eligibility

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An important return match between the two North American national teams, although no firm verdict has been announced

There is no place for home, what does Sam Raimi think of the movie?

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It’s been over a month since Spider-Man: No Way Home first appeared in theaters, and now he’s also the director of the first Spider-Man movie adaptations Sam Raimi He says his words in the movie John Watts.

An interview with Variety, Raimi, who is currently working on another Marvel project, The New MCU movie with Benedict Cumberbatch Doctor Strange In The Multiverse Of Madness, Reveal What He’s Thinking Spider-Man: There is no room for homeAnd, of course, back to the screen cast for his trilogy.

It was so much fun. I love No Way HomeAnd the audience in the hall with me went crazyHe said, adding thatIt was great to be able to see Alfred in the role again, Willem Dafoe, and in general to be able to see the performance of these actors who took everything to another level. And Toby was more amazing than ever. The most appropriate term I could find to describe the movie is “refreshing.”“.

In the movie, like Official photos with Holland, Garfield and Maguirewe saw The return of Peter Parker/Ex-Spider-Man to the big screenAnd we’ve seen great teamwork with MCU’s Spidey, who, as widely expected, finds himself having to take on villains from different worlds.